Only The Mind Percives Essays - Epistemology, Ren Descartes

Only The Mind Percives Descartes overall objective in Meditations on First Philosophy is to question knowledge. To explore such issues as the existence of God and the separation of mind and body, it was important for him to distinguish what we can know as truth. He believed that reason as opposed to experience was the source for discovering what is of absolute certainty. In Meditation Two, Descartes embarks on his journey of truth. I find, in Meditation Two that Descartes has accomplished part of his journey, in that only the intellect perceives the material world. Attempting to affirm the idea that God exists, Descartes comes upon the notion that he exists. He discovers that if he can both persuade himself of something, and likewise, be deceived of something, then surely he must exist (17 18). This self-validating statement is known as the Cogito Argument. Simply, it implies that whatever thinks, exists. Having established his existence, Descartes now begins to explore his inner consciousness to find the essence of his being. Eventually, he focuses on the act of thinking and from this, he poses the question: But what am I? [I am] a thing that thinks. A thing that doubts, understands, affirms, denies, wills, refuses, and that also imagines, and senses (20). To prove that perception, on the part of the mind, is more real than that of the senses, Descartes asks us to consider a piece of wax fresh from the comb (21). The qualities we attribute to the wax are those derived from the senses. When melted, the qualities that we attribute to the wax are altered and can only be known to the intellect. It is the intellect that determines that although the appearance of the wax has changed, it remains the same wax (21). Here Descartes demonstrates that the information from the senses give us only the observable. It is the intellect that perceives the physical ever-changing world. A scepitc might pose the argument that we could not be certain that the intellect alone perceives the material world. Let us look at the Wax Argument. If one were to place wax in its form, straight from the comb, and wax in its melted form side by side, a person not knowing this would not be able to perceive the melted form to be wax. It would take closer examination, with our senses, to determine the melted form to be wax. Such as touching the wax and feeling the sensation of it hardening on our fingertips and examining it more closely with our sight. One may also say that we might use our memories to remember the sensation of melted wax. On can remember the sensation of hot wax from a candle, when dropped on the skin and how the wax feels once it has hardened. Again, one might conclude that it is not the intellect alone that perceives the wax, but possibly a combination of the senses, memory, and the intellect. Someone being a scepitc might also say it is possible that the wax itse lf is sending us the idea. There is no way to be certain. Descartes demonstrates how the ideas of the mind are more attune to finding knowledge, than the senses. What is this piece of wax which is perceived only by the mind (22)? Descartes comes to the understanding that even though the wax has changed its form, that it is flexible and mutable, it is the same wax. Although he previously thought that the understanding of the wax came from the perceptions of seeing, touching or imagining, he now believes that to be false. Rather it is an inspection on the part of the mind alone (22). The inspection can be confused and imperfect at first, but on further investigation the mind arranges the data, coming to a clear and distinct understanding. Descartes believes that, this process depends on how closely I pay attention to the things (22). He poses the example of looking out the window and observing men walking across the street. His mind tells him they are men without him having to see their masculine physical features. This is done automatically and without thinking. Therefore, his eyes see human forms walking across the

Ipremier Dos Attack Essay Essay Example

Ipremier Dos Attack Essay Essay Example Ipremier Dos Attack Essay Essay Ipremier Dos Attack Essay Essay IntroductionOn January 12th. 2007 at 4:31am. Bob Turley. CIO of the iPremier Company. received a panicky phone call from his IT operations staff. Their external facing web site was â€Å"locked up† and could non be accessed by anyone. including their clients. iPremier is a web-based concern that generates gross through entirely treating on-line orders. While the web waiter was down. the company could non accept any new orders or let their clients to see their merchandises. An inadequately third-party managed and configured router/firewall allowed hackers to put to death a DOS ( Denial of Service ) onslaught on iPremier. I recommend buying a new firewall solution that will be managed and configured by the Company’s IT staff internally. This degree of control will let the company to orient the degree of security they desire and give them the ability to extenuate menaces consequently. Summary of FactsAt 4:31am on January 12th. 2007. Bob Turley ( CIO of iPremier ) received a panicky call from Leon Ledbetter in operations. Leon stated that the Company’s web site was down and that clients could non entree the site. He besides stated electronic mails incorporating the phrase â€Å"ha ha† were being received by the mail waiter. The Company’s proficient operations squad leader. Joanne Ripley called Mr. Turley at 4:39am saying she could non entree their equipment from the line to their office and indicated she was driving toward the Qdata co-located installation. She confirmed that Qdata ( their hosting company ) claims there was non a connectivity issue in or out of the edifice. Ripley stated the she would seek to re-start the web waiter once she reached the installation and confirmed she had an outdated transcript of exigency processs in her vehicle. Shortly after Mr. Turley hung up with Ripley he received a call from Warren Spangler. VP of concern development. Mr. Spangler was concerned with the affect on the Company’s stock monetary value. naming the constabulary or FBI. and basic PR issues ensuing from the incident. After Mr. Turley hung up with Spangler. he received a call from Ripley saying that Leon from operations notified Mr. Spangler of the incident. Turley so proceeded to name Tim Mandel. the Company’s CTO. Mandel advised Turley non to draw the Internet connexion so farther logging could be obtained. He besides disclosed advanced farinaceous logging would non be available due to infinite restraints from finance issue s. He besides received a call from Peter Stewart. the Company’s legal advocate. reding him to draw the stopper on the Internet connexion. Stewart advised that Jack Samuelson. the Company’s CEO. asked him to supply legal advice on the affair. Ripley besides called in and reported she could non entree the NOC due to knowledge and staffing issues at the Qdata installation. At this point Samuelson called Turley straight and advised that his chief concern was acquiring the Company back online and reiterated that Turley should non worry about any PR issues at this minute in clip. Shortly after. Ripley obtained entree to the hosted firewall and determined the closure was due to a SYN inundation type of DOS onslaught. A SYN inundation occurs when â€Å"external hosts attempt to overpower the waiter machine by directing a changeless watercourse of TCP connexion petitions. coercing the waiter to apportion resources for each new connexion until all resources are exhausted ( Lemon. 2 002 ) . Ripley attempted to barricade entree from the arising IP reference but rapidly learned that living dead machines were being used in the onslaught. rendering this attack useless. He hung up with Ripley so received another call from her at 5:46am saying that the onslaught all of a sudden stopped. Ripley confirmed the web site was back on-line and the concern was running every bit usual. This DOS onslaught prevented iPremier from selling merchandises. and allowing clients position merchandises. on their web site. This is the exclusive presence of the concern. and when the web site is down. the company can non bring forth gross. All responsible parties and directors were rapidly involved and attempted to extenuate negative effects to the company. There appeared to be a little gulf between the legal and functional leading advice across the board. The web site was merely down for a small over an hr and iPremier provinces there was no significant impact to the concern at this clip. Problem and Options This denial of service onslaught occurred due to inadequate firewall constellation and direction. This job was farther amplified by the fact that the firewall service was hosted by a third-party seller. Qdata. iPremier recognized staffing and general IT cognition and direction issues with Qdata in the past. but chose non to move upon their finds. iPremier did non hold any active monitoring of the firewall and merely knew there was a series concern runing issue merely when the web waiter was to the full unapproachable and unresponsive. One solution is for iPremier to buy their ain firewall where they can use the proper constellation to forestall farther onslaughts. This degree of direction will besides supply them with advantages where they could to the full supervise the device and to setup dismaies bespeaking when there is a possible issue. iPremier will hold full control over the device leting them to custom-make the degree of security they desire. The drawback is the cognition necessary to adequately configure and keep the device. Another solution is to go on their firewall service with Qdata after a complete audit was performed. Any failings in the security design would hold to be addressed and some type of warrant of service would hold to be put in authorship. I would besides urge that iPremier obtains some type of service degree understanding from Qdata to guarantee a prompt response clip during an incident. Some type of eventuality program must besides be put into topographic point leting them to instantly entree the device locally and remotely during a serious issue. The advantage here is maintaining the current supplier which would non necessitate them to do any web or equipment alterations. The obvious disadvantage would be go oning service with a company who has already failed them in the past screening hapless credibleness. A 3rd solution would be for iPremier to exchange to a firewall and security supplier who would supply a high degree of service for a fee they would experience comfy with. The same type of entree demands would be required during a serious issue to let iPremier entree when deemed necessary. â€Å"Shopping† around for a seller would let them to to a great extent research best in industry suppliers with a proved path record. The advantage here is obtaining a top-level service supplier with the right â€Å"know how† but finally iPremier would hold to reconfigure some equipment and do web alterations. Harmonizing to Allen. Gabbard. May. Hayes. A ; Sledge ( 2003 ) . utilizing a managed service supplier is a feasible solution for administering security operations and duties where the organisation still owns the associated hazards. but allows sharing and extenuation of the hazards. Decision and Decision Regardless of which solution iPremier chooses to implement. they must execute a full audit to bring out precisely what let this DOS onslaught to happen. We know the failing was in the firewall. but cognizing the root cause will let iPremier to utilize this calamity as a larning experience to construct upon in the hereafter. Joanne Ripley seems competent and willing to implement a â€Å"better† solution and I recommend prosecuting her in all treatments affecting this incident traveling frontward. Internal control of a firewall solution will let iPremier direction to acquire every bit involved as they want to be. The CTO and CIO could besides potentially pull studies from the device leting them to do future security planning determinations. Harmonizing to Applegate. Austin. A ; Soule. ( 2009 ) . exchanging IT systems can go hard and dearly-won once it is ingrained into daily activities. This facet of the security solution should decidedly be examined and taken into consideration. Allowing direction and IT staff to be involved in the Company’s security solution will assist maintain up security consciousness in the workplace every bit good. One individual may lose a possible menace that another staff member could acknowledge. Person as plugged in and competent as Ripley should merely be allowed to do alterations to the device. Staff should merely hold adequate entree to execute the necessary undertaking at manus. This would typically merely affect read-only entree to the security devices. iPremier conducts all of its concern through their web site and they can non afford for it to be down for any sum of clip. Mentions Allen. J. . Gabbard. D. . May. C. . Hayes. E. . A ; Sledge. C. ( 2003 ) . Outsourcing managed security services ( No. CMU/SEI-SIM-012 ) . CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIV PITTSBURGH PA SOFTWARE ENGINEERING INST. Applegate. L. M. . Austin. R. D. . A ; Soule. D. L. ( 2009 ) . Corporate information scheme and direction: Text and instances. Boston: McGraw-Hill Irwin. Lemon. J. ( 2002. February ) . Defying SYN Flood DoS Attacks with a SYN Cache. In BSDCon ( Vol. 2002. pp. 89-97 ) .

Monetary Policy Financial Institutions and the Economy Essay

Monetary Policy Financial Institutions and the Economy - Essay Example These instruments are called Initial Public Offerings (IPO). The secondary market trades existing financial instruments through an exchange. Usually, these securities, investment instruments, have a financial history on which to be evaluated before an exchange accepts the securities for sale. Financial markets are further divided into money markets and capital markets. Money markets deal in securities with a maturity date within one year. Capital markets mature in longer time frames. Bonds are debts with a maturity date, the investor loaned the business money. A stock has no maturity date; the investor owns a portion of the business. Financial institutions move money from those with excess to those with shortage through financial instruments. Supply, investors, and demand, entrepreneurs, dictate the terms and conditions of the trades facilitated by the financial institution. Commercial banks, savings banks, formerly savings and loans, thrift institutions, securities traders and inves tment bankers, finance companies, mutual funds, insurance companies and pension funds all serve as financial institutions, but with differing regulations. The History and Current Role of the Federal Reserve System. Mayer (2001) defines a central bank as a bank of issue, meaning it creates currency to represent wealth. Many American patriots like Tom Payne and Tom Jefferson thought only state-chartered private banks should issue bank notes because governments that can pay bills by printing money generally did so.  

Marketing Communication Plan of Ryanair Case Study

Marketing Communication Plan of Ryanair - Case Study Example There is no doubt that this unpalatable media propaganda about the lapses in the operations of Ryanair is threaten to exacerbate the dwindling fortunes of a potentially successful company in the wake of stifling competition in the low cost industry. It is against this background that management have committed themselves to the goal of reversing the tide of negative publication against Ryanair through a comprehensive media communication plan to be implemented in the 2009 business year. Ryanair understands that the process of realizing the comprehensive goals enshrined in the communication plan must of necessity reverberate amongst our global clientele base. We risk being pushed out of business by the contemporary challenges of the twenty first century. As an outcome of a broad based consultation exercise, Ryanair's immediate formal marketing quest is to target low and medium income earners, civil servants, students and seasonally unemployed people. For good reasons the current recession in the global economy as predicted by the World Bank is expected to run into the whole of 2009 into the early parts of 2010; the effects of the economic slowdown is definitely a fall in income levels which will compel people to opt for low flights to serve their traveling needs. The primary mission of the communication plan is to genera... The primary mission of the communication plan is to generate and sustain awareness about the innovative ingredients contained in the customer service package for the medium to long term framework. Aggressive promotional materials that will purposefully address the customer's needs as an integral component of the operations of the company. The plan will also allow for the efficient location of relevant customer information. For the 2009 marketing year, there will be considerable attention on such vital issues policy decisions, facilities, the introduction of new services, online platform for the discussion of enhancing marketing programs. Whilst pursuing these provisions, the communication plan will encourage continuity in the current list of workable marketing strategies that have served customers well in the last few years. It is expected that by so doing, the platform will be created to usher in the communication plan using a workable coordination of marketing activities. Objectives of the Marketing Communication Plan The strength of the communication plan lies in its ability to explicitly identify and recognize the following foundational objectives as the key to the success of the marketing policies of Ryanair. To positively impact on the attitude of our discontented customers with the view of attracting new customers; To be able to reach out to approximately 80% of air travelers within and outside Europe with the message of innovation in our transforming company; To create the enabling environment through incentives in the marketing strategy to boost the attractiveness of Ryanair to customers across the world. Message Strategy The increasing demands of the business climate in the twenty first century are characterized by tough competition

Chipotle Mexican Grill Essay Example for Free

Chipotle Mexican Grill Essay Chipotle Mexican Grill, Inc. is a chain of restaurants located in the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, and France, specializing in burritos and tacos. Its name derives from chipotle, the Mexican Spanish name for a smoked and dried jalapeno chili pepper. The restaurant is known for its large burritos, assembly-line production and use of natural ingredients. The company has released a mission statement called Food with Integrity, which highlights its efforts in using organic ingredients,[3] and serves more naturally raised meat than any other restaurant chain. Chipotle is one of the first chains of fast casual dining establishments. Founded by Steve Ells in 1993, Chipotle had 16 restaurants (all in Colorado) when McDonalds Corporation became a major investor in 1998. By the time McDonalds fully divested itself from Chipotle in 2006, the chain had grown to over 500 locations. With more than 1400 locations in 43 U. S. states, Washington, D. C. , two Canadian provinces, the United Kingdom, and France, Chipotle had a net income in 2012 of US$278 million and a staff of 37,310 employees. Chipotle Mexican Grill in 2012 2012 has been the year of Chipotle Mexican Grill (CMG -0. 92%). The stock is an absolute superstar, hitting 37 new record highs so far, according to CNBC. -When the company went public in January 2006, the stock doubled on its first day from $22 per share to close at $44 per share. At late of Febuary 2012, Chipotles stock price had climbed to $380-$385,up more than 80% since january 1,2011 and up 334% since january. Chipotle shares traded at $421. 37 Mar 27, and are up nearly 26% this year. Over the last 12 months, the stock has gained 65%. Chipotles run has obviously been the subject of much chatter among investors. Why is this stock so high, and how much further can it go? Many investors think that Chipotles numbers are just headed up, and the stock has room to grow as well. Chipotles growth is mentioned with the launch of ShopHouse, the Asian-themed restaurant the company has opened in Washington D. C. ShopHouse has been wildly popular with little to no advertising. The success had opened up the possibility that Chipotle could very well strike gold a second time. The company isnt saying much about whether it will expand ShopHouse, but investors are certainly pricing the idea into Chipotle shares. Chipotle has no debt and about $400 million in cash, according to Seeking Alpha. And Chipotle is in that best-of-both worlds position because it can compete directly with fast food, but also stand up against more upscale restaurants, such as Panera Bread (PNRA -1. 01%). Finally, Chipotle is gunning for international expansion, recently opening new locations in London and planning one for Paris.

A Pattern of Visionary Imagery in W. S. Merwin :: Poem Poet Essays

A Pattern of Visionary Imagery in W. S. Merwin After quoting Blake's own words to establish his work as essentially "'Visionary,'" and then defining that term as the "view of the world . . . as it really is when it is seen by human consciousness at its greatest height and intensity" (143), Northrop Frye suggests an important but largely ignored point for criticism in his essay "Blake After Two Centuries" when he observes that works like Aldous Huxley's The Doors of Perception "seem to show that the formal principles of this heightened vision are constantly latent in the mind," and that it is this constant availability of vision, near at hand but suppressed, which "perhaps explains the communicability of such visions" (143). Frye is right, of course, but there is another reason for his observation's importance to criticism, which is that the imagery and perceptions of visionary experiences, whatever their cause, occur in readily identifiable clusters, the affective nature of which is determined largely by the emotional reaction of the person experiencing them. Because of this, and because there are poets and authors other than Blake whose work is also visionary--that is, concerned to a large extent with the imagery and perceptions of what we now call altered states of consciousness--one can construct from various works and research on these states a visionary schema that will indicate not only when such a writer's subject is the unconscious, but whether his or her emotional reaction to it is positive, negative, or some ambivalent combination of the two. By means of such a schema, for example, it is possible to trace through W. S. Merwin's deep image poetry a pattern of reconciliation with the unconscious: to argue that, in the works published from 1962 through 1977, he moves from a generally negative sense of it to a far more positive one. Though individual poems in the collections ranging from The Moving Target to The Compass Flower reflect varying senses of the unconscious--there are quietly happy poems in his darkest collection The Lice, for instance--the general pattern in these books and those published between is one of a coming-to-terms with the unconscious, a movement visible largely as a coming-to-terms with death. Before arguing that this acceptance of death is no less than a willing (rather than a fearful) acceptance of the self-surrender necessary to any visionary experience or altered state, even one as specialized as the successful writing of deep image poetry, it is first necessary both to provide the general outlines of that schema mentioned above, and to establish that Merwin's work, like Blake's, is in fact visionary.

Leadership: do traits matter? Essay

Managers need skillful and talented leaders to make an organization successful. The reason is that talented leaders can drive their subordinates to achieve goals and objectives of an organization. That will enable organizations to stay competitive in the market. To be a successful leader there should be several qualities. Such as effective communication skills, effective decision making, effective planning, effective coaching skills, effective people management skills and effective motivating skills. These qualities of a competent leader are needed to plan to meet the requirements of an organization. Sailan also should have leaders who have above-mentioned qualities while facing a turbulent situation. As mentioned above Sailan has been failing to produce good advanced level and ordinary level results. Because of that, it has been difficult to achieve the competitive advantage for them as well. (ukessays, 2017) The following methods can be used to review current leadership requirements of Sailan international school. 360-degree feedback – according to Linda (2014) through this 360 feedback employees or managers can get feedbacks regarding their strengths and weaknesses or competencies from peers, supervisors, direct reports and customers. According to (Neil, 2017)this method can be used to evaluate the performance of the whole organization. Especially weaknesses of employees can be identified. This method is so important for Sailan. The reason is that while facing a turbulent situation identifying weaknesses of teachers and the principal is very important. If there is any weakness in teaching the principal/ leader can arrange training programs to improve teaching skills. If there is any weakness in controlling teachers of the principal, director of education can send him for some leadership programs. When this happens Sailan will be able to produce good results and achieve the vision. Even teachers can get a clear picture of their performance by this method. Blake and Mouton managerial grid – according to Peiris (2016) the managerial grid includes various techniques to evaluate leadership requirements. This grid is an important tool for managers to analyze their own leadership styles. According to Patty (2013), this grid has 81 leadership styles. Some of them are impoverished management, country club, task management, middle of the road, team management and team management. With the problem that Sailan faces at the moment team management is appropriate for Sailan. According to this leaders encourage and motivate their employees. Even leaders get a lot of respect from their employees. The principal can appoint sectional heads who can get respect from teachers. Then Sectional heads/ leaders of Sailan can motivate teachers to produce good results and achieve the vision. When teachers become loyal to the sectional heads those teachers will give their best to Sailan. That will enable Sailan to provide high-quality teaching for students . SWOT analysis – SOFT analysis can be used to recognize strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of an organization. Internal and external factors can be identified by this analysis. (Mike, 2016)Â   When considering the strengths of Sailan, which has got a lot of facilities in comparison to other international schools in that particular area. For example, they have their own ground, an auditorium that more than 1500 people can be seated. Even an indoor stadium (almost finished) and a swimming pool have been under construction. The discipline of Sailan has been really good when compared with other international schools. That is one of the main reasons that most of the parents are willing to send their children to Sailan. The main opportunity of Sailan is that this is mainly a Muslim community-based school. So easily they can get the attraction of Muslims who are living in that particular area rather than other international schools. The main weakness of this is lack of results. In last few years A/L and O/L results have been low compared to other schools. When talking about threats, there are a lot of competitive international schools situated around Sailan. Such as gateway, ST’Thomes, ST’ Nicholas, Lyceum, Leeds, Negombo south etc. Especially Leaders of Sailan should consider the weaknesses and threats. Leaders of Sailan such as Director of education, principal, and sectional heads need to correct if there is an error in the education system of Sailan. Principal or sectional heads can supervise teaching.Sectional heads can get feedbacks about the teaching of teachers from students. Even teachers can be asked to write lesson plans. Training programs can be provided for teachers. By moni toring teachers and providing training programs quality of teaching can be improved. It will lead to producing good O/L and A/L results. Then weaknesses of Sailan can be avoided. When producing good results Sailan can face threats easily. Even leader of Sailan should be able to exploit strengths and opportunities as well. 3.2 plan for the development of future situations requiring leadership. The leadership plays a major role in achieving competitive advantage in the industry. The leaders usually create strategies to drive employees to attain vision and mission of an organization. (research papers, 2013) As mentioned above Sailan has threats from its rivals. Even when the school develops more teachers will be recruited in the future. Then leadership will be required to control them. Controlling a large number of teachers will not be an easy task. Leaders of Sailan will need more skills to control those teachers. And also recruitment and selection process has to be considered by leaders at Sailan when it develops. Especially Proper recruitment method and recruiting cost is very crucial for Sailan. Some suggestions are mentioned in the following which can use to identify how to plan for the development of future s